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中国食用油安全战略转变：国内条件与国际情景

马文杰

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第1期   页码 42-47 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.01.006

摘要：

食用油料成为我国对国际市场依存度最大的大宗农产品，是造成农产品国际贸易逆差的主要成因。国产植物油料的大量进口对国家粮食与食物安全、居民消费甚至国民经济均产生较为重要的影响。在新的粮食安全战略下，我国食用油作物面积增长空间有限、兼用油源生产潜力巨大，但转化为现实产量困难重重，未来消费量将进一步增加。在国产植物油料大量进口新常态下，世界食用油生产潜力巨大、我国具有从世界市场稳定获取食用油料的能力、食用油料供给安全外部环境复杂。针对新的国内条件与国际情景，论文给出我国新的食用油安全战略：维持能力、保留基准、积极进口、健康消费。

关键词： 食用油     国内条件     国际情景     生产潜力     战略转变    

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我国能源安全战略与对策探讨

黄维和,韩景宽,王玉生,沈珏新,程蕾

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第1期   页码 112-117 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.01.017

摘要：

能源安全是国家安全体系的重要组成部分，受全球地缘政治、新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情蔓延的影响，我国能源安全面临严峻挑战。综合高效利用国内能源资源、控制和减少油气进口规模、保障能源安全，仍是我国高质量、可持续发展亟待研究的课题。本文梳理了能源安全概念的演变历程、国外代表性的能源安全战略，从“发展可持续、供应有保障、科技有支撑、经济可承受、体制有保障” 5 个维度研究界定了能源革命条件下我国能源安全的新内涵；在此基础上研判了我国能源安全面临的形势并提出相应战略构想。研究表明，稳定传统能源生产，保障进口油气供给安全，实施多能互补、提升可再生能源消费比重，提高能源科技水平、加快能源科技创新合作，完善能源发展体制机制，是我国能源发展的必要举措。最后从顶层设计与规划、天然气与可再生能源融合发展、新能源科技创新研发、能源对外合作深化等角度提出了对策建议。

关键词： 能源革命     能源安全     安全保障     能源经济     形势分析    

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当前网络安全形势与应急响应

刘欣然,李柏松,常安琪、鲁辉、田志宏

《中国工程科学》 2016年 第18卷 第6期   页码 83-88 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.06.017

摘要：

随着互联网应用的迅速发展，各种网络安全威胁不断出现。本文介绍了网络安全所呈现的特点以及目前所面临的形势。攻击方法的更新、攻击技术的提升以及攻击范围的扩大给应急工作带来了考验。应急工作的管理现状存在一定的问题，在核心技术、安全保障方面都比较落后。借鉴传统领域的应急体系，改善当前应急技术措施成为网络安全工作的重要部分。针对新时期的网络安全应急工作环境，提出了调动体系力量，多方联动的消除方法，从体制和机制等方面来进行保证，以防止网络威胁产生的巨大影响。

关键词： 网络安全     威胁     信息安全     应急响应     应急体系    

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Analysis and countermeasures of natural gas development in China

Wenzhi ZHAO, Ailin JIA, Guosheng ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 477-484 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0064-x

摘要： Natural gas has become a transitional bridge from fossil to green and clean energy worldwide. The importance of natural gas utilization in energy structure optimization and green development is no exception for China. However, the supply of China’s natural gas limits the country’s demand with three factors. (1) China’s natural gas resource is relatively rich, but its quality is poor with deep burial depth. Therefore, the annual plateau yield of natural gas cannot be high, with an estimated value of approximately 260–270 ×10 m . (2) The demand for natural gas in China’s economic development is growing rapidly. The peak demand is estimated to be approximately 550–650 ×10 m per year or even higher. The import volume of natural gas will soon exceed that of domestic self-produced gas. (3) Natural gas is a necessity closely related to livelihood. Particularly, a shortage in natural gas supply affects social stability. Therefore, its external dependency should be under 50% and not exceed 60%. In this study, the future situation of China’s natural gas is forecasted, and relevant countermeasures and suggestions are proposed in accordance with research on China’s natural gas resource potential, production trend, supply-demand link, and gas supply safety factors.

关键词： natural gas     yield     consumption     external dependency     security situation    

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华北地区农业水资源现状和未来保障研究

黄峰,杜太生,王素芬,梅旭荣,龚道枝,陈源泉,康绍忠

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第5期   页码 28-37 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.024

摘要：

华北地区是我国重要的粮食和农产品生产基地，对保障国家的粮食和食物安全至关重要。华北用仅占全国6% 的水资源支撑了占全国18% 的耕地并生产出占全国23% 的粮食。但这个巨大成就是以极大的资源环境和生态成本为代价的。本文回顾华北粮食生产和用水的历史性成就，总结现在面临的主要问题和挑战，然后应用国际水资源研究界广泛应用的农业用水管理的综合分析框架，系统分析1998—2015 年华北地区水资源、农业用水以及用水效率和水分生产力，在此基础上尝试提出了未来保障华北地区食物安全的战略和政策途径。

关键词： 食物安全     农业用水     水分利用效率     作物水分生产力    

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新形势下国家食物安全战略研究

谭光万,王秀东,王济民,梅旭荣,刘旭

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期   页码 1-13 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.005

摘要： His major research field is food security strategy.>Funding project:Chinese Academy of Engineering project “Research on National Food SecurityStrategy under the New Situation” (2021- XBZD-08), “Research on National Grain Security Strategy in

关键词： 食物安全；大食物观；食物供应链；营养结构；食物减损；绿色低碳    

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新形势下发展草地农业保障食物安全的战略思考

张岩 ,黄毅 ,刘颖 ,范玉兵 ,彭京伦 ,唐增 ,夏超 ,南志标

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期   页码 73-80 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.007

摘要： The prospects for China´s food security and imports: Will China starve the world via imports?New reflections on food security and land use strategies based on the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns>Funding project:Chinese Academy of Engineering project “Research on National Food SecurityStrategy under the New Situation” (2021-XBZD-08)

关键词： 草地农业；食物安全；贡献潜力；畜牧业；饲料粮供应    

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China’s Engineering Education: Situation & Outlook

Zhu Gao-feng

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 105-112 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014010

摘要： Since China's drive in 1978 to implement national reforms and open it up to the outside world,its higher education sectorhas made rapid progressin the field of engineering and has been able to achieverapid expansion of scale,Positive change in educational structure,more education investment, improved teaching quality, Educational reform and international cooperation. While praising the achievements,we need toacknowledgethat there are also some problems in China's engineering education, asimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand,homogeneity of goals and patterns, Lack of practice,curriculum system not aligned with the characteristics of engineering,insufficient importance attached to innovation and entrepreneurial education, Poor competence mix.In light of China's process of modernization and the Outline, we forecast that:competition between universities will intensify and the supply-demand imbalance will be alleviated, differentiation depends on the reform of engineer system and administrative university classification,quality of engineering education will be improved with a complete quality assurance system,industrial transformation will be conducive to joint talent development by universities and businesses,instructors will be the mainstay of educational reform,quality of students should be improved in many different ways. As China's modernization accelerates, the quality of its engineering education is getting better and better. We expect to work closely with foreign colleagues to improve the quality to turn out engineering talents meeting the demand of national development.

关键词： engineering     education     situation     outlooks    

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网络空间战略预警体系的建设思考

庄洪林,姚乐,汪生,顾嘉祥,吴晔,解凯

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第2期   页码 1-7 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.02.001

摘要：

网络空间战略预警体系指为早期发现、跟踪、识别、报知来袭的重大战略攻击或烈性病毒传播破坏而建立的警告体系，是国家安全防御体系的重要组成部分；实施网络强国战略需要高度重视网络空间战略预警体系建设。本文分析了网络空间战略预警的主要特点和基本要求，研究了安全漏洞预警、安全威胁预警、入侵攻击预警、异常行为预警等主要预警样式，梳理了国内外网络空间战略预警监测体系的建设情况。研究认为，应重点抓好网络空间测绘系统、漏洞收集预警平台、威胁情报感知推送系统、安全监控综合预警系统等方面的建设工程。研究建议，强化高层统筹协调，注重多源数据融合，设立专业预警机构，开展经常性安全评估， 实行威胁预警分级机制，以此精准保障网络空间战略预警体系建设。

关键词： 网络空间安全，战略预警，态势感知，体系建设    

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Current situation and development of wind power in China

BAO Nengsheng, NI Weidou

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 371-383 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0056-4

摘要： The current development of wind power in China was presented in this paper. Many regions such as Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and southeast coastal region, etc. in China have abundant wind energ

关键词： Xinjiang     current development     Mongolia Autonomous     southeast coastal     Autonomous    

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Current situation and challenge of registry in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 294-299 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0355-x

摘要：

Increasing emphasis has been placed on registries for an organized system used in developing clinical research to improve health care. China has sufficient data that can be applied broadly, but the heterogeneity and irregularity of registries limit their applicability. This article aims to describe the status of registries in China and the related challenges. Patient registries for observational studies were retrieved from the International Clinical Trials Registry to quantitatively evaluate the number of comparatively high-quality registries in China. A literature search was also performed to provide support and updates. A total of 64 patient registries were retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov using disease, product, and health service as criteria. The sample sizes ranged from 15 to 30 400, with only 12 registries marked as completed. This article describes and compares the detailed information in many aspects. The efficient use of registries has already made considerable progress in China; however, registries still require standardization, high-quality transition, and coordinated development.

关键词： observational study     Chinese     registry study     patient registries    

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Impact of renewable energies on the operation and economic situation of coal fired power stations: Actualsituation of coal fired power stations in Germany

Hans-Joachim KRAUTZ, Alexander LISK, Joachim POSSELT, Christian KATZER

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 119-125 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0468-4

摘要： Due to the fluctuating character of the renewable energy sources the demand of conventional power plants for flexibility is increasing. In the recent years, in Germany there has been a fast rise of production capacity of renewable energies, especially from wind turbines, photovoltaic installations, and biomass plants. The installed nominal power of wind turbines is actually (December 2016) 42 GW and of photovoltaic installations 40?GW. The renewable electric energy production in Germany is about 190?TWh/a, which represents a share of 33% of the yearly demand. The increased need for flexibility affects both the power gradients as well as the minimum load of conventional power plants. Due to this flexibility behaviour, conventional power plants are faced with problems concerning the durability of power plant components, corrosion, more maintenance effort and consequently the overall life expectancy. Another consequence of the increasing share of renewable energies is the decreasing full load operating hours, especially of coal fired and gas power plants. Along with decreasing revenues from the energy exchange market, coal fired power plants are faced with new economically challenges.

关键词： flexible load operation     minimal load     power gradients     power plant maintenance     corrosion     life expectancy    

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Present situation and classification of piezoelectric pump

Fang YE, Shouyin WANG, Wei CHENG, Qixiao XIA, Jianhui ZHANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 420-429 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0052-7

摘要： According to the present classification method for a piezoelectric pump, this paper reviews the development and present situation of piezoelectric pumps in the latest 30 years and finally puts forward a new classification. A volumetric piezoelectric pump, which belongs to traditional volumetric pumps, can be divided into a piezoelectric pump with or without valves. A new valveless piezoelectric pump nowadays becomes a hot issue in scientific research. It is constructed by using no-moving-part valves, which can induce positive flow resistance and negative flow resistance different, and in which the inlet and outlet are connected all the time. New forms of piezoelectric pumps, different from traditional ones, are only at the stage of conception and principle, and no practical application has been reported.

关键词： piezoelectric pump     development and present situation     new classification method     valveless piezoelectric pump     new forms of piezoelectric pump    

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The current phosphate recycling situation in China and Germany: a comparative review

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 403-418 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019287

摘要：

Phosphorus (P) is an indispensable element for organisms but the primary source of P—mineral phosphate resources—are non-renewable. Agricultural production has a high demand for fossil phosphate resources, but the resulting phosphate-rich residues are lack of management. This leads to rapid reserves depletion and severe phosphate pollution risks. One sustainable way is to reuse the phosphate dispersed in various residues such as sewage sludge and livestock manure. Diverse techniques have emerged to recover phosphate from wastes to close the phosphate cycle. While it is a global issue, the regional situations regarding potential phosphate scarcity and its management differ strongly. China is rich in phosphate resources, but over-exploitation has greatly increased the risk of phosphate rocks depletion, while in Germany the P resources depend on imports, but there is commitment to keep a balance between import and utilization. This had led to great differences in the way the two countries deal with the “re-use” of phosphate in waste. China is now in a transition phase from the simple terminal pollution control to “waste” reuse and nutrient resources recycling. One sign of this tendency is the mandatory garbage classification and preparation for further processing and recycling. This was first implemented in Shanghai in 2019, whereas Germany has been following the legal framework for waste management since the 19th century. There are a series of laws to control the nutrient loss from municipal and agricultural activities, as for instance with sewage sludge ordinance and fertilizer legislation. Many of these laws have been newly revised recently. Sewage sludge cannot be directly utilized on farmland as organic fertilizer any more. Alternatively, phosphate and other nutrients should be recovered from sewage sludge. Advanced phosphate recovery technologies and related nutrient recycling schemes are proceeding. This review summarizes the current situation of phosphate-containing residues management and phosphate reuse in China and Germany. The state legislation and policies, which would affect the phosphate recycling concept are presented as well. As there are various kinds of phosphate-containing residues, different phosphate recovery technologies can be applied. Those technologies are discussed from their mechanism and suitability.

关键词： phosphate recovery     manure     sewage sludge     ordinances     technologies    

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Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 301-311 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018207

摘要：

By measuring the quantity and ways in which antimicrobials are used, and reviewing different technical and socioeconomic factors influencing antimicrobial use at farm level, this study discusses the main knowledge gaps in antimicrobial use in food animal production and provides recommendations for future research and policy development. The review reveals that antimicrobial use in food animals exhibit strong regional and species differences, and there are still large information gaps concerning the current state of antimicrobial use. Factors associated with animal health (including antimicrobial resistance), animal health improvement, economic costs and benefits relevant to animal diseases, and potential technological alternatives or alternative systems all have an impact on antimicrobial use on the farm. There is a clear need to resolve the data gap by monitoring antimicrobial use and developing an analytical framework to better understand farmer behaviors under different technical, economic and environmental circumstances.

关键词： antimicrobial use     drivers for antimicrobial use     food animal production    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

中国食用油安全战略转变：国内条件与国际情景

马文杰

期刊论文

我国能源安全战略与对策探讨

黄维和,韩景宽,王玉生,沈珏新,程蕾

期刊论文

当前网络安全形势与应急响应

刘欣然,李柏松,常安琪、鲁辉、田志宏

期刊论文

Analysis and countermeasures of natural gas development in China

Wenzhi ZHAO, Ailin JIA, Guosheng ZHANG

期刊论文

华北地区农业水资源现状和未来保障研究

黄峰,杜太生,王素芬,梅旭荣,龚道枝,陈源泉,康绍忠

期刊论文

新形势下国家食物安全战略研究

谭光万,王秀东,王济民,梅旭荣,刘旭

期刊论文

新形势下发展草地农业保障食物安全的战略思考

张岩 ,黄毅 ,刘颖 ,范玉兵 ,彭京伦 ,唐增 ,夏超 ,南志标

期刊论文

China’s Engineering Education: Situation & Outlook

Zhu Gao-feng

期刊论文

网络空间战略预警体系的建设思考

庄洪林,姚乐,汪生,顾嘉祥,吴晔,解凯

期刊论文

Current situation and development of wind power in China

BAO Nengsheng, NI Weidou

期刊论文

Current situation and challenge of registry in China

null

期刊论文

Impact of renewable energies on the operation and economic situation of coal fired power stations: Actualsituation of coal fired power stations in Germany

Hans-Joachim KRAUTZ, Alexander LISK, Joachim POSSELT, Christian KATZER

期刊论文

Present situation and classification of piezoelectric pump

Fang YE, Shouyin WANG, Wei CHENG, Qixiao XIA, Jianhui ZHANG,

期刊论文

The current phosphate recycling situation in China and Germany: a comparative review

null

期刊论文

Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

期刊论文